Train travel in Asia presents a fascinating contrast, ranging from hypermodern high-speed trains to vast networks with colonial roots. This diversity reflects the continent’s significant economic differences and geographical challenges.

From traditional to ultra-modern

Japan has long been the gold standard for precision and efficiency in rail transport. The Shinkansen, also known as the ‘bullet train,’ has been in operation since 1964 and is renowned for its unparalleled punctuality and safety record. With an average delay of less than a minute, Japanese railway technology continues to impress the world. But Japan is looking ahead: it is experimenting with magnetic levitation (Maglev) trains that can reach speeds of 500 km/h, drastically reducing travel times between major cities.

China has undergone a railway revolution in a remarkably short time. While Japan has steadily perfected its system, China has built the world’s largest high-speed rail network in under two decades. With over 38,000 kilometers of track, it connects all major cities, and trains reach speeds of up to 350 km/h. But China is not stopping there: it is investing in new technologies such as levitating trains and developing a ‘super maglev’ that could theoretically reach speeds of 1,000 km/h. This underscores China’s ambition to become a global leader in railway technology.

India’s railway system presents a different picture. With over 67,000 kilometers of track and millions of passengers daily, it serves as the backbone of the Indian economy. Although the network faces challenges like overcrowding and aging infrastructure, India is working hard on modernization. Ambitious plans for high-speed rail lines and significant investments in safety and efficiency aim to make the network future-proof.

Southeast Asia is also investing heavily in rail transport. Countries such as Thailand, Vietnam, and Malaysia are rapidly developing their railway infrastructure, often with the help of Chinese technology and investments. Efforts are being made not only to improve domestic networks but also to enhance cross-border connections, fostering greater economic integration within the region.

The future of rail transport in Asia looks promising. High-speed networks are expanding beyond China into emerging economies. Innovations such as 5G-enabled trains, advanced stations with facial recognition, and automated ticketing systems are becoming more widespread. However, safety and reliability remain challenges, particularly in countries with outdated systems. Nonetheless, ongoing modernization and infrastructure investments are expected to bring steady improvements across the region.

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Laos

Recommended by Bri from Bri Abroad

I had the pleasure of traveling through Laos via train. In a country where the roads between cities are bumpy, the train is the best way to travel. In my experience, this is the most efficient train in Southeast Asia: it was always on time, very clean and had helpful staff.

I started my train journey in Vientiane, the capital of Laos. One quick taxi took me to the station, where I boarded the semi-high-speed route to Vang Vieng. This city is the perfect stop for adventure lovers. During my time here, I went on my first hot air balloon ride, hiked amazing peaks and went swimming in the famous blue lagoons.

After a few days in Vang Vieng, I boarded the train again to Luang Prabang, the former capital that retains its French colonial influence. This city is a must-see for those interested in the history of Laos and sampling all of the country’s best foods.

The best part of the train in Laos is the accessibility it provides to locals and tourists. It’s the most advanced railway infrastructure in Southeast Asia. Not only that, but it connects all the way to China.

Mountainous landscapes go by as far as the eye can see during this train journey, and it’s a journey I recommend to everyone travelling through Southeast Asia.

Sri Lanka: Ella blue train

Recommended by Emma from Bonjour Sunset

The Kandy to Ella blue train journey is an unforgettable trip through the heart of Sri Lanka. It’s more than just transportation; it’s an immersive experience that unfolds new gorgeous landscapes at every turn of the tracks from stunning tea plantations to impressive waterfalls, and colorful little villages!

While looking through the window is captivating, the great experience is also on board. Traveling in the cheapest class, I sat among families of locals, from friendly grandmothers to newborns who ended up on my lap! On some parts of the ride, it got so busy that we had to stand on the platform between the wagons, with the doors wide open onto the track!! Hanging out from the doors while the train is speeding through nature was such an exhilarating experience!! At each stop between Kandy and Ella, local street food vendors offer delicious snacks from chili mangos, to nuts and of course some cups of tea! If 3rd class feels too much, first class is also an option, a much more comfortable one with AC and assigned seats, but it is much less of a vibe!

The Kandy to Ella train ride is an experience that stayed with me long after my Sri Lanka trip was over, and that I recommend wholeheartedly! It’s a journey that celebrates the beauty of Sri Lanka’s natural wonders and the warmth of its people.

Uzbekistan:

Recommended by Saskia of Sas Crossing Countries

During my solo trip to Uzbekistan I traveled from Urgench to Bukhara by train. After exploring the city of Khiva a taxi took me to the Urgench train station in 15 minutes. The Urgench – Bukhara train ride takes 7 hours, without stops.

You can either take the night or the day train. As a solo female traveller I went during the day. Not once during my time in Uzbekistan have I ever felt unsafe or bothered by men. In fact, they were all very nice and helpful. I think it would be safe to take the night train, but I didn’t risk it.

I bought snacks for the ride in a tiny shop at the station. Vendors sell drinks and snacks during the trip, but options are limited and quite expensive. 

Boarding went smoothly and the train left on time. I was quickly able to find my assigned 4-person sleeper, which I shared with two ladies from Vietnam. The beds were comfortable and there’s enough room for your luggage. 

The view wasn’t something to rave about. We drove through the desert for 6 hours, no village in sight. So, bring entertainment.
Lots of travellers told me to buy noodles and use the boiled water on board to make my lunch. I had some doubts, but nobody got sick, so I took the risk. Big mistake! I was sick for 2 days, so steer clear of the boiled water on the train. 

Taiwan

Recommended by Jade Chan from Namaste to Nihao

Taking the Taiwan High-Speed Rail (THSR) is an unforgettable experience. Famous for its efficiency and speed, the THSR can whisk you from Taipei to Taichung in just 1.5 hours, covering half the country in no time. The trains are sleek and modern, gliding effortlessly along the tracks at speeds up to 300 km/h (186 mph), making it one of the most impressive rail systems in the world.

The view from the train is spectacular, with a scenic blend of urban city landscapes and rolling countryside flashing by in a blur. It’s an exhilarating way to see Taiwan’s diverse scenery, and to travel along the west coast of Taiwan!

I’ve taken this train multiple times and one of my favourite things to do before travelling on the THSR is the opportunity to grab a bento box from the train station. Priced at just 100 NTD (about 3 USD/Euros), these boxes are packed with delicious Taiwanese fare and are a local favourite.

Our journey on the HSR is always memorable but our most recent trip was particularly memorable. We travelled from Taipei to Taichung, then took a bus to Sun Moon Lake, one of Taiwan’s most famous natural wonders (for good reason!). Biking around the entire lake for 18 miles was incredible—one of the best bike rides I’ve ever experienced. The ride wasn’t just about reaching the destination; it was about the journey. Along the way, my husband and I meditated at the serene spots by the lake, discovered mimosa pudica plants that reacted when touched, encountered walking stick bugs at Ci’en Pagoda temple, and saw yin and yang dogs guarding Wenwu Temple, all adding a layer of spiritual depth to our adventure.

Another reason the trip was memorable was getting to check out some of the best hotels in Sun Moon Lake, which put me in complete awe at the luxury, sustainable and world class culinary offerings!  

For those exploring Taiwan, the THSR opens doors to some fantastic spots. From Taipei, you can visit Taichung, known for its vibrant night markets; Kaohsiung, famous for the stunning Kenting National Park; and Tainan, renowned for its hot springs and delectable street food. Each city offers its own unique charm and attractions, making the THSR not just a mode of transport, but a gateway to Taiwan’s rich culture and natural beauty. I can’t wait for you to experience the beauty of Taiwan and take your own ride on the Taiwan High Speed Rail!

India

Recommended by Larissa from Larissa Rolley

Train travel in India is always memorable, but the Vistadome train car takes the experience to another level. Recently, I had the pleasure of travelling from Mumbai to Pune aboard the Vistadome, and it was a spectacular way to witness the scenic beauty of the Western Ghats. This route is famous for its lush greenery, dramatic landscapes, and stunning views of iconic hill stations like Khandala and Lonavala.

The Vistadome coach, attached to trains like the Mumbai-Pune Express and Deccan Queen, offers an immersive travel experience with its large panoramic windows, glass roof, and rotatable seats. Boarding early in the morning, I watched as the sun gradually rose, bathing the hills and countryside in a soft, golden light.

The rotatable seats allowed every passenger to enjoy the breathtaking views, making the journey both visually engaging and incredibly relaxing. The train made several stops, offering a glimpse into everyday life in small towns as passengers got on and off.

During the trip, I met a couple heading to Pune for a wedding and shared part of the journey with a family and their young children. While the tickets are pricier than standard train cars, the Vistadome experience is well worth it. There are other destinations in India that offer the Vistadome cars too.

Travelling through the Western Ghats aboard the Vistadome is a truly unforgettable way to appreciate India’s natural beauty in comfort and style.

Thailand

Recommended by Avantika of Wayward Wayfarer

Train travel in Thailand is one of the most scenic and culturally immersive ways to travel in the country. Thailand has a decent railway network and the Bangkok to Chiang Mai train journey is one of Thailand’s most popular routes.

The route spans over about 700 kilometres and is done in comfortable sleeper carriages equipped with soft bedding and optional air conditioning depending on the type of train service. Trains to Chaing Mai usually depart from Bangkok’s Hua Lamphong station, a historic hub in the heart of the city.

While overnight journeys are popular for being the most efficient, the day train provides a leisurely way to traverse the diverse landscapes of Thailand. As the train journeys northward, the landscape gradually shifts from Bangkok’s bustling urban sprawl. Over 10 to 12 hours, you are rewarded with lush green paddy fields, quaint Thai villages, and the rolling hills of the north, all unfolding right outside your window. Passing through historical towns like Ayutthaya and Lampang known for their rich Thai history and architecture adds a cultural layer to the journey.

Thai railways have several options for travellers, ranging from basic third-class seating to more comfortable first-class sleeper cabins. The first-class cabins offer private compartments with air conditioning and beds, while the second-class sleeper options provide shared bunk beds that are clean and comfortable. Meals are available on board some trains, and vendors often hop on and off at various stations to sell snacks and drinks in almost all trains.

Japan

Recommended by Sanne from Sanne Dost

When traveling in Japan, you can’t avoid taking the train at some point, especially in busy Tokyo, where the trains are a fast and efficient way to get around the city. Although I’ve used the comfortable high-speed Shinkansen many times and with great pleasure, my first train ride since living in Japan remains the most memorable.

At the suggestion of a friend, I embarked on my first solo adventure and took the train to a far-flung destination from Tokyo. After my first Shinkansen experience to Atami, I hopped on a local train that traveled along the scenic coastline to Shimoda. The journey fell in early fall, with colorful forests on one side and quaint fishing villages and stunning views of the Pacific Ocean on the other. Swinging through tunnels and past cliffs, the train took me in just over two hours to Shimoda, an idyllic coastal town at the end of the Izu Peninsula, perfect for a “sun, surf, and sand” getaway.

This beautiful train journey from Tokyo to Shimoda is an absolute must for anyone who wants to discover something different during their trip through Japan.

Russia: Trans-Siberia express

Recommended by Patricia from Spanish Nomad

For obvious reasons, this train is currently not running. However, when it is, it’s one of the most impressive journeys in the world and therefore deserves a spot on this list.

I got the itch to ride on the Trans-Siberian Express after visiting Moscow during Christmas. That unexpected taste of Moscow’s vibrant energy and rich history left a lasting impression and kept me dreaming of coming back to Russia.

A couple of years after, my dream came true and my husband and I booked a 3 week train trip aboard the Trans-Siberian Express, an off-the-beaten-path destination across Europe and Asia.

Our itinerary was as follows: St. Petersburg – Moscow (Trans-Siberian line starts) – Kazan -Yekaterinburg – Novosibirsk – Irkustk. That’s over 5000 kilometres!

You can find alternative stops and routes, like the Trans-Mongolian line, which goes all the way to Beijing.

I found this Trans-Siberian journey truly captivating, from the train ride itself to each city stop. Witnessing the emergence of large, industrial cities after kilometres of taiga forests was simply mind-blowing.

Each new city I visited became a unique puzzle piece that, when put together, allowed me to grasp the essence of Russia, its culture and its history.

I enjoyed the architecture and the many museums that offered new insights into European history from a different perspective. Being a foodie, I was particularly impressed with the amazing local cuisine and delighted to discover a rich tea culture. The lovely people I encountered along the way made the journey even more memorable. And of course, Lake Baikal was amazing!

The Trans-Siberian journey was a once-in-a-lifetime experience, and I feel so grateful to have had the opportunity to embark on this epic and enriching adventure.